Knowledge base
Refrigerant guides and F-gas rules
Articles on EU F-gas regulation, refrigerant alternatives, prices and servicing, written for technicians and buyers.
22 Mar 2026
R-410A Heat Pump: End-of-Life, Recharge Cost and When to Replace in 2026
Written by the Refrigeration Team, specialists in refrigerants and EU F-Gas compliance. Last updated: 16 September 2026. The EU distributor price of R-410A reached…
21 Mar 2026
R-134a: Properties, PT Chart and Technical Guide 2026
Written by the Refrigeration Team, specialists in refrigerant gases and EU F-Gas compliance. Last updated: 21 May 2026. R-134a remains one of the most…
18 Mar 2026
F-Gas III and R-134a: What Really Changes by 2032
Written by the Refrigeration Team, specialists in refrigerant gases and EU F-Gas compliance. Last updated: 16 September 2026. R-134a carries a GWP of 1,430…
17 Mar 2026
R32 vs R410A: Compatibility, Replacement and Why Converting an Existing System Doesn’t Work
Written by the Refrigeration Team, specialists in refrigerant gases and European F-Gas compliance. Last updated: 17 September 2026. Can you put R32 in place…
17 Mar 2026
R-134a Alternatives: R-513A vs R-1234ze(E) for Industrial Retrofit
Written by the Refrigeration Team, specialists in refrigerant gases and European F-Gas compliance. Last updated: 20 May 2026. R-134a (GWP 1,430) has seen its…
9 Feb 2026
What Is R-454B Refrigerant? The Complete 2026 EU F-Gas Guide
R-454B is an A2L low-GWP refrigerant blend that clears the EU F-Gas Regulation (EU) 2024/573 threshold of GWP < 750 for single-split air conditioning…
9 Feb 2026
The 2026 Low-GWP Refrigerant Guide: EU F-Gas Rules, A2Ls, and Natural Alternatives
A “low-GWP refrigerant” in 2026 is any working fluid with a Global Warming Potential below the ceiling the EU F-Gas Regulation (EU) 2024/573 sets…
9 Feb 2026
How to Find Your HVAC Refrigerant Type: Complete Guide
European heat pump sales bounced back in 2025: 980,000 units sold across 13 countries in the first half of the year, a 9% rise…
9 Feb 2026
EU F-Gas Regulation 2026: R-32, R-454B & R-410A Guide
Regulation (EU) 2024/573 reshaped the European refrigerant market when it entered into force in March 2024, and the sharpest deadlines are here now. The…
What the guides cover
The articles answer the questions technicians and buyers raise most often. They explain the EU F-gas regulation 2024/573 as it applies in 2026, the servicing limits by GWP, and what the HFC phase-down means for supply. Others compare gases for a retrofit, for example R404A against R449A and R448A, or R410A against R32 and R454B in new heat pumps.
How to use them
A guide gives the background; the gas page gives the data for ordering. Every article links to the gases it discusses, where you find the safety class, the cylinder size, the tonnes CO2e and the current stock. No guide replaces the equipment manufacturer's instructions. A replacement gas that works in one system may need a new oil, valve setting or approval in another.
For buying rules, start with the FAQ. For the full range and pack prices, open the catalogue.